“The Mission” Film Analysis

?The nature of greed is that it compels us to do dangerous things. It disregards the feelings and positions of others and instead replaces them with what we want out of the situation. Latin America, a beautiful part of the world rich with history and culture, knows exactly what greed can do, especially to hungry imperialists seeking to plunder the resources and vitality within its borders. An aggressive desire for wealth, riches, spices, and other material things have made Latin America an arena for violence against native Latin Americans.In the film The Mission, director Roland Joffe shows us the power of faith in religion and God as well as the dangerous result of passion and greed coming together as one. ?In this film, a Jesuit priest named Father Gabriel goes into the deepest parts of the Latin American jungle and seeks to evangelize the local tribe living there. Although they are initially wary of him, the natives eventually begin to trust him and allow him to convert them.Mendo za, played by Robert De Niro, is a former slave trader who after killing his brother in a fit of rage, decides to join Father Gabriel in his missionary work and spreads the values of the mission and religion. Their hard work and unity as a mission is threatened when the Portuguese attack and attempt to control the land and people the mission is founded on. Father Gabriel, a man full of faith in God and religion, seeks nonviolent means to fight the Portuguese. Mendoza, however, after vowing to also act nonviolently, breaks his promise and teaches the natives how to fight against the Portuguese.The film, unlike most other films, does not have a happy ending. Eventually, almost everyone perishes and only a few are left to spread the values of love, faith, religion, and to rebuild the community that they grew to respect and cherish. ?Religion and the church play a huge role in the film. Despite the obvious fact that the premise of the film is about a priest evangelizing native Latin Ame ricans, the religious aspect of the film emits a sense of love, benevolence, and goodwill. The filmmaker suggests that unlike many other â€Å"invaders† of Latin America, the Christian missionaries wanted to entirely devote themselves to the natives.They devoted themselves faithfully and were willing to preserve the natives’ pure way of life, unlike many invaders who came into Latin America and attempted to halt all that was common and introduced new ways of living. The filmmaker tells us that in order to represent the values of Christianity, people must devote themselves fully and be willing to make sacrifices, just like Father Gabriel and Mendoza did for the natives and the mission. ?Another theme in the film is the union of greed and passion. It is no surprise, especially to Latin America, that the desire for worldly things can cause great destruction and tragedy.The two main reasons the mission was threatened in the film boils down to imperialism and greed, which a re essentially interchangeable. To imperialize a country is to be riddled with greed and hunger. Greed, desiring to possess more than one needs or even deserves to possess, is conveyed endlessly throughout the film. The Portuguese only wanted to gain the mission and land for profit. Even worse, after they would gain the land they so desperately desired, they would enslave the people and make them operate under Portuguese rules to further their profit and power.In this film, greed and power undermine morals and the ethics of human kind. The filmmaker showcases the worst traits in man, in which the desire for mere things cause man to slaughter man and disregard the love and respect humans should have for one another. ?The film, although tragic and essentially very morbid, mirrors the historical realities of the time and illustrates Latin America’s struggle to keep itself a stable, prospering region despite the invading forces of greedy, insatiable imperialists.

Personal and Professional Development Essay

1-Abstract In essence, this report will comprise three parts: first we shall be making an evaluation of current approaches to self- managed learning, second we shall be detailing in which ways lifelong learning both personal and professional might be promoted and encouraged and finally we shall be making an evaluation of the potential benefits of self-managed learning to organisations and their members but for this case with specific reference to Teagasc. 2- Introduction Every single person had one day some experience about self-managed learning in their life, or many people are having this experience at the moment in somewhere learning something by themselves. Stop for a moment and back to the past and try to remember if you have learned something that you had initiative by yourself. Did you remember something? I am sure you did, do you know why? It`s because there`s so many reasons which push ourselves to learn something and that`s why the term self-managed learning is more popular when compared with the traditional way to learn, for example going to the school every day. 3-Approaches to self managed learning Individual could learn through the research which they will be doing that could be either been issued by the university or college even at work place, people could learn different techniques used in doing the research. Formal education and schooling remain highly valued in most societies, and many educators, employers, policy-makers, and average citizens find it difficult to place high value on what is learned on your own or outside the formal system. However, some adult educators have shown how non-traditional programs, distance education, and self-directed learning efforts can meet many challenges associated with keeping current on constantly changing knowledge. Several things are known about self-managed learning and also others terms as S-DL (Self-direct learning), S-PL, LS-D, S-RL, Autonomy, learning projects, open learning etc. However there are some differences between these terms: * Knowles, (1975) describe Self- directed learning- is a process in which individuals take the initiatives, with or without the help of others * Autonomous learning – autonomy often is associated with independence of thought, individualized decision-making, and critical intelligence. Gibbs (1979) * Self-planned learning and learning projects – Tough’s (1979) research on people engaged in learning projects involved obtaining information on â€Å"a series of related episodes, adding up to at least seven hours† where â€Å"more than half of the person’s total motivation is to gain and retain certain fairly clear knowledge and skill, or to produce some other lasting change† . * Open learning – individualized study often is associated with external degree, open learning, or non traditional programs where most learning takes place outside formal classrooms- Ruvinsky (1986) * Self-regulated learning is a process that assists students in manag ing their thoughts, behaviours, and emotions in order to successfully navigate their learning experiences (Pintrich & Zusho, 2002) * Learner self-direction- is taking primary responsibility for personal learning (Brockett & Hiemstra, 1991) . But in general all this terms are related to Self-managed learning what is a way which people or individual find different ways in learning things, which could be in the society where they are living or at work that is a diversified environment, Candy(1991). In other words is about individual managing their own learning. This included people taking responsibility for decisions about: * What they learn * How they learn * When they learn * Where they lean * Why they learn (the most fundamentally ) Self-managed learning also is about setting out the goals for the learning by evaluating the purpose for learning and ways to achieve such goals -Brookfield (1981).People learn new things for example the culture of different people, behaviour, personality, perceptions etc. 4-Advantages and disadvantages of Self- managed learning Some advantages and disadvantages of self-managed learning: 4.1-Advantages: * Improved the attitudes toward learning * The learners become more confident * Also they are taking greater responsibility for their own learning than during more traditional classroom activities * Create a repertoire of skills * Learn to tolerate ambiguity in expectation of themselves * Development of higher order thinking, problem solving, collaborating skills * Exploring a variety of learning styles or approaches to learning 4.2-Disadvantages: * The learner my find difficult to evaluate one`s own progress * The learner may not identify the learning needs according to his/her academic level * Some learners may not find appropriate resources for learning * Unable to get peer feedback 5-Ways in which lifelong learning in both personal and professional contexts could be encouraged The idea of lifelong education was first fully articulated in this century by Basil Yeaxlee (1929). He along with Eduard Lindeman (1926) provided an intellectual basis for a comprehensive understanding of education as a continuing aspect of everyday life. However to encourage lifelong learning is necessary Motivation, determination, managing time which is extremely important to self-managed learning. Lifelong learning is all about continuous learning personally that could contribute to the professional context. Individual could have personal assessment as means of lifelong learning by evaluating their strengths, weaknesses, opportunity and threats. For example, in the workplace employees with busy schedules can learn necessary skills at their own convenience through self-study. Some technical staff in organizations who must constantly upgrade their knowledge can access new information through an individualized resource centre. For example learning by Self-reflective learning could help employees learn new skills at work place also developing their personal skills through having work task and responsibility assigned to them. While self-reflective learning reviews things, continuing professional development, combines approaches, ideas and techniques that help to develop the personal learning. Self-reflective learning is about trying to review some opinions, judgements, personal understanding and actions that you are willing to take in a proper way and be honest about it. another example for a organization to encourage the employee taking initiative of learning something new could be giving to them a opportunity for a presentation skills where the individuals learn how to make a presentation which gives the chance to express the knowledge of what they have learnt from particular topic also give them confidence to talk in front of others, which become an advantage to the organisation when been given a task to do that need to be presented to the manager and other directors from the same company of different company. 6- Evaluation the benefits of self-managed learning to the organizations and their members In a world where there is growing pressure for increased results from fewer people, Organisations have no option but to invest heavily in learning and development. The problem is that there is not always a correlation between expenditure on training and development and pay-off for individuals and Organisations. Also individual learning may not integrate with organisational needs. Yet it is essential that individual should be helped to take on greater responsibility for their own development and growth. The key requirement, then, seems to be to create a situation where learning: * Is owned by the individual * Is properly supported And at the same time * Is closely integrated with organisations needs This what self- managed learning provides Knowles, (1975) Self-managed learning is about people taking their own initiatives in managing their learning, but the benefits of self-managing learning to the individual as well as the organisation are positive. For Teagasc and their members will be extremely important the benefits of self-managed learning. The employees will approach their learning in a way that is most compatible with their own learning style and strategy. In approaching pre-designed, structured training modules, employees can seek out those most congruent with their learning styles. Where the employee designs his/her own learning experience, they would opt for those with which they are most comfortable. There others several distinct benefits of SDL for the organization and their members: * SDL can help identify an â€Å"Organization`s â€Å"A† players- SDL requires initiative. Individuals who show initiative in undertaking their own SDL program are motivated, confident self-starters. Certainly they would evidence motivation, interest and behaviours in their jobs similar to â€Å"A† players. * SDL can be implemented with minimal expense – Many learning projects will cost nothing. Relatively speaking, project costs will be minimal. * SDL minimizes the issue of transfer of learning. 7- Conclusion After done this research in self-managed learning I could say that people are taking more responsibility when they are learning by their own initiative. Self-managed learning is not something easy, though some people tend to passive that managing their own learning through self-managing learning is an old fashion way of learning. The fact is that it’s not true, the basic requirement needed to set out the goals and meeting them is hard approach to learning. Individuals need to understand the stages for the professional development plan for the purpose of having a clear objective of what they would like to achieve from self-managing learning.

Trends in African American Families Essay - 1455 Words

Research studies have shown that African Americans are currently the least likely ethnic group to be married in this country. This paper will examine some of the reasons why this trend exists when there was a time when marriage rates among blacks were about equal to those of whites. History, culture, economics and dominant culture influences have impacted the current trends in African American families. Many are choosing to postpone marriage, while others are finding alternative ways to cultivate family and raise children. Does the African American definition of family differ from that of the dominant culture? How has ecological systems influenced past and present trends in African American families? These questions and more are examined†¦show more content†¦Men were used as breeding machines to help make more slaves for the masters with no regard for the marital status of the men. Marriage during life on the plantations was even illegal. In spite of this, blacks were  "jumping the broom† (a traditional representation of marriage and commitment among couples that is still used in marriages today) and raising children with as much love and nurturance as they had to offer. The environment was filled with such constant emotional, psychological and physical trauma that, the dominant culture made sure that there was little to no room for cultivating loving, healthy families. With the end of slavery came the next 100 years of Jim Crow laws that allow for the continued terrorizing of African Americans in this country. When slaves were set free many had no resources or family to depend on. Men and women faced poverty and discrimination in limitless measures. Men and women were lynched for any reason that could be thought of in the minds of those in the dominant culture. They were left to get along in the best way that they knew how. Many gave up their dignity and their families in exchange for survival. When public welfare assistance was instituted, the laws were constructed so that black families could not be together and receive assistance. So many women and children were without husbands and fathers in order to receive the much needed financial assistance from the government. While the civil rights movementShow MoreRelatedAfrican Americans And African American Families921 Words   |  4 PagesThe number of two-parent African American households is dissolving. According to the U.S. Bureau of the Census, the black family has declined from 80% in 1890 to 39% in 1990. The result of conflict, and warring souls in the African American community, this trend can be stopped and reversed. The African American family must first gain an understanding of what is causing this dissolution, then they can be taught about what principals and skills they must adapt in order to reverse it. Once this isRead MoreCauses of Friction in Interracial Marriages Essay1425 Words   |  6 PagesCauses of Friction in Interracial Marriages The United States has witnessed a considerable amount of social and cultural desegregation between African-Americans and Caucasians. However, despite years of desegregation, social and cultural differences still exist. One of these differences that still exists is in the institution of marriage. Americans have been and are continually moving slowly away from segregation. In the past forty years, a multitude of changes have transformed schools, jobs,Read MoreRacial Discrimination : The And Public Order Perspectives1103 Words   |  5 Pagesrights and public order perspectives are such contentious issues in Contemporary American Society because racial tolerance continues to be a clear trend in American society. In the past six years, there has been a significant positive change in the perceptions of both African Americans and Caucasians regarding the present state of race relations. The change in attitudes have reached the point where an African American has participated in the race f or presidential election and won. Many of the issuesRead MoreTraditional Gender Roles During The United States835 Words   |  4 PagesMexico. The study revealed distinct differences between traditional gender roles perceptions held by Americans and Mexicans. The authors state that family settings in Mexico have been characterized by a dominance of the husband. The women are expected to make sacrifices for the sake of their families. They engage in household chores while the men are tasked with the role of providing income to the family. Some of the ultimate sacrifices that the women have to make include: the acquisition of educationRead MorePoverty And The Changing Family Structure1713 Words   |  7 PagesAfrican Americans have come a long way in the last few decades. We have more rights, more opportunities to grow and prosper and more independence than ever before. But the same cannot be said for African American families as a whole. The African American family and community is in trouble (Tilove, 2005). These families are facing many issues today that are contributing to their break down. These factors include poverty, diminishing health, welfare, incarceration, the struggle to find housing andRead MoreAfrican Americans : The American Dream Game Cartoon By David Horsey Essay1687 Words   |  7 PagesThe United States is famous for its American dream, which ensures equal opportunity for all, but African Americans experience a more diluted form of the dream due to their innate reductions in socioeconomic mobility.   African Americans differ from White Americans physiologically only in skin pigmentation;   however, as depicted in The American Dream Game cartoon by David Horsey, a political commentator and cartoonist with extensive experience in social and political issues, various race-induced obstaclesRead MoreWhat Were The Principal Questions Facing The Nation At The End Of The Civil War?1276 Words   |  6 Pagesand repairs in the South remained. T he foremost question that both white southerners, white northerners, and African Americans faced was what did freedom mean: for white southerners, it meant freedom from the perceived tyrannical rule of the North; for white northerners, it started and stopped with emancipation with the exception of the Radicals and some Moderates; and for African Americans, many saw it as having the same political rights as whites with some even wanting a redistribution of the landRead MoreCapitalism and Freedom by Milton Friedman1252 Words   |  5 Pagesmobility of African Americans following World War I and II despite the â€Å"temporary interruption† displayed by collectivist trends following 1945 (Friedman 11). African Americans, with newfound economic power, were able to curtail coercive political power held by whites. However, Friedman fails to properly address the chain of events which allowed for the establishment political freedom in the African American community. Despite economic freedom granted following emancipation, African Americans were unableRead MoreThe Childhood Of Fatherless Homes1196 Words   |  5 Pagesa child raised in a two parent homes? The growing epidemic of fatherless homes in America is a vastly growing trend. How far back through out American History can we trace this epidemic? Is there a close correlation between the absence of the father in the home, and likely hood of a child growing up to be a criminal? My primary focus will be on the affect this issue has on African American homes. Through out this paper I will address this issue, and give fact based reasoning for the matter in questionRead MoreThe Film Our Family Wedding1245 Words   |  5 Pages The film Our Family Wedding illustrated the diversity among and between families. The film depicted the views of different generations within a family and how an interracial marriage affected them differently. The film explores new contemporary marriage trends and challenges traditional f amily roles and marriage trends. This paper will explore different demographic trends as it relates to the social constructs of class, race, and gender, survey the recent trends and changes towards contemporary

The Downside Risk of Buy College Level Papers That No One Is Talking About

The Downside Risk of Buy College Level Papers That No One Is Talking About The Basics of Buy College Level Papers Take pleasure in the bin-dicator is one easy to boost the company administration paper writing assessments. Custom writing means a critical company with high standards. The 6 CSS topics may be equally crucial to create a lovely website. Don't worry it's no problem for the ideal custom essay site in order to edit or rewrite any paper. Moreover, our account is confirmed. When you purchase college paper online, PayPal is regarded as among the handiest payment procedures. Your college application essay is a vital component in the collegiate admissions decision. If you're unable to discover enough superior resources, you may have to begin all over again, or else change your thesis statement in order to have more to write about. A seasoned custom made essay provider, we understand how to compose perfect papers on demand. You will have the ability to file your application. When you address us, you don't need to be concerned about getting papers done anymore. You are going to be expected to compose papers of various sorts. Academic papers cannot contain any signals of plagiarism. You've got to compose several academic papers over the span of a year. If you're in high school or college, you can handle a sub-par degree of teaching. At times, students think they don't need to find help or guidance to create a top grade research paper. At least one time during academic decades, every student wonders how to purchase college papers. Because of this, most students now decide to purchase research papers online. What You Need to Do About Buy College Level Papers Before It's Too Late The ideal topic is the one which is fastest and simplest to write about. Most students aren't aware that topic selection has a huge effect on the complete time it requires to compose a paper. If you're thinking that you require a person to compose my essay at this time, you can merely rely on our honest reviews. The type of essay you're looking for will be offered to you within the deadline provided to you. It's possible to easily buy unique college essays and don't neglect to tell friends and family about it. Passionate professionals that are com mitted to help you accomplish your college. For numerous reasons, students prefer to employ expert college paper writers to finish the tasks. Today, most college students find it difficult to compose an essay on a particular topic. An excellent research thesis is crystal clear and specific. Regardless of what genre you would like Business Studies, Microeconomics, Business Management and Financial Accounting, we're here to serve your needs. College term papers are a great deal more complex than a normal school essay. So should you need to employ college essay writer online, we're just the people that you will need to contact. Buy college essay on the internet is the easiest approach to have a well-written essay with minimal work. When you get your completed essay, make certain you tell all your friends what an excellent service it is and what's the perfect place to purchase cheap essays. Join the club of individuals who know what an actual customized essay free of plagiarism is. If you're not great at buying clothes for different individuals get them a gift card out of their favourite store. There are a couple of points, which can help you to recognize a business to keep away from. In such situations, lots of people receive an expert suggestions and help. When you purchase college papers, you will need to connect with the proper people and settle for nothing less but the best services in the business.

Gender Equality And Gender Norms Essay - 1573 Words

In recent times, it has become much more common and socially acceptable for parents to raise their children in gender neutral ways. As queer rights, feminist movements, and gender equality take on a greater social relevance, many caregivers no longer expect their children to behave stereotypically â€Å"masculine† or â€Å"feminine;† children may even be praised for going beyond their gendered expectations (e.g., boys who can cook well or girls who are fit and athletic). Raising your kids without expecting them to conform to gender norms may allow them to develop a broad potential in many areas, rather than only allowing them to explore activities that are appropriate for their traditional gender roles. For example, if you are raising a girl, she may have the potential to become both a great mechanic and a talented dancer if you do not narrow her choices down to only those that are gender conforming. However, this choice in parenting may come with some unexpected issue s and consequences -- ones that are as of yet unforeseen. Socialization takes place beyond just the home environment. Children’s personalities are also shaped by their experiences at school, in public areas (e.g., shopping malls, adventure parks, etc.), at their friends’ houses, at day care centers, and in many other social environments. Even if you do a good job staying away from normative gender expectations at home, you cannot manipulate every other factor that plays into your child’s development. In addition,Show MoreRelatedFeminist Theory Of Feminism1697 Words   |  7 Pageslonger a surprise that gender equality continues to be a problem in our society. Although all feminists agree that it is a prominent issue, they have different ways of combating it. Some feminists agree with having a sex/gender distinction, which uses â€Å"sex† as the term to describe biological features and â€Å"gender† as the term to describe the social standings. Due to his distinction, many feminists believe that the social implications, or gender, needs to be changed to achieve equality. Two approaches thatRead MoreGender Differences And Gender Inequality1717 Words   |  7 Pages Gender differences and gender inequality are sometimes used interchangeably but do not refer to the same thing. The two concepts are common in gender literature; however, they are not uniform across different cultures based on the degree of conservative attitudes present. The significant differences between sexes and used as arguments against equal rights primarily against women’s rights. Hence, the gender issue has continually been created in light of the standard views or conceptions ofRead MoreCultural Research Application : Sweden867 Words   |  4 Pagesthinking norms and laws concerning equality. In this essay I will be giving an overview of Swedish norms, laws, and folkways over equality in parental leave, education, and food. Parental Leave A work-life balance is important in Sweden, and this balance ideal is a huge factor in making it one of the world’s top gender equal countries. Ranking at number four in the 2014 Global Gender Gap report, which measures equality in economics, politics, education and health, it is safe to say equality of theRead MoreGender Equality And Gender Discrimination1429 Words   |  6 PagesGender equality has been actively sought out for, chiefly by women, throughout history with a goal to establish equal rights and opportunities among all genders. While extensive progress has been achieved towards women’s rights throughout the twentieth century, women continue to experience gender discrimination on a daily basis. Even with the Equal Rights Amendment in the Constitution which refrains from inequality of rights concerning sex, gender inequality continues to persist Gender discriminationRead MoreThe Gender Biases Of Children1325 Words   |  6 PagesThe gender biases learned i n schools are revealed later in the workplace, further revealing the impact it can have. Students’ talents may go unrecognized and undeveloped simply because they were not appropriate for their gender norms created by society. A young boy who likes to dance may not want his male friends to know about his hobby for fear of being bullied. Because dancing is predominantly feminine, the young boy is not fulfilling his masculine role for his friends, therefore trying to hideRead MoreGender Inequality Between Men And Women1255 Words   |  6 PagesHowever feminism maintains that women are treated in an unfair ways. Social gender roles lead to various forms of inequality and disparity between men and women, which in relation to the socio economic, political and cultural ideologies plays a negative role in girls (Asley 2014) .While some societies, defend gender differences based on their cultural norms and religious beliefs, this tends to restrict women physical and mental space.†Across social classes girls tends to have less physical mobilityRead MoreEssay on Ed ucation: A Path to Gender Equality in Labor Markets1667 Words   |  7 Pagesparticipation or reinforcing gender equality in labor markets worldwide will lead to gains in productivity. However, what can be done to create gender equality? A study emphasized the equality of education. When education access to women is equal to men, occupation opportunities and earnings of men and women with similar education and experience are equal. A research in Pakistan and other studies are introduced. Their findings suggest that education plays a vital part in gender equality in labor force. InRead MoreGender Roles And Expectations : A Streetcar Named Desire 1096 Words   |  5 PagesGender Equality in Our Society Gender roles and expectations have a lot of impacts on our society and it needs to be changed in order to create a better civilisation. Although our society has ameliorated tremendously in the past years, there are still some discriminatory actions among genders that are affecting someone s life negatively. Any remaining differential between genders need to be changed for a better moral standard of living. The Impacts of gender roles and expectations can be seenRead MoreGender Inequality Within The Educational System892 Words   |  4 Pagesis changes in gender equality. Over time, gender inequality has grown to be an important educational issue. Women are surpassing men educationally, and are increasingly a part of the service sector. Victor Hiller (2014) examines the dynamics of gender inequality in education systems and recognizes the ongoing promotion of gender equality. The influence of culture norms within the educational system is substantial, as this is a primary source for children to learn social cues and norms. To understandRead MoreFeminism : Third Wave Feminism962 Words   |  4 Pagesof the second-wave of feminism in the 20th century when women fought for their rights for equality not just in the workplace but also their right to vote. The movement for gender equality was originally viewed as a great effort by women for women. Today feminism is a subtitle of equality. Giving us the new definition of feminism called third-wave feminism or gender equality. Modern feminism means equality for men and women whereas, a century ago, feminism meant that women should have the same rights

Leonardo Da Vinci biographical notes Essay Example For Students

Leonardo Da Vinci biographical notes Essay I Leonardo, or Lionardo as he is generally called by earlier Florentine writers, was born in 1452 in the neighbourhood of the little mountain village of Vinci, a few miles from Empoli. His father, whose name was Piero d Antonio, followed the profession of his sire and grandsire, that of notary, though he does not seem to have held any office up to the time when his firstborn son came into the world. He was then barely more than a youth, twenty-five years of age, residing in his ancestral home at Vinci. Leonardos mother was a woman by the name of Catarina, of whom we know nothing except that she was di bon sangue. She seems to have had little opportunity to influence her son s development for, the grandfather disapproving of the young Piero s liaison as unworthy of his rank, Catarina, soon after the birth of the boy, was married to a peasant at Vinci, while Ser Piero, in his turn, wedded a lady of noble birth, Albiera Amadori. The little Leonardo was received into his fathers home, which was probably the same house where the family had lived for generations. Whether this was identical with the plain stone building on the slope between Vinci and Anchiano which an inscription plate designates as the house where Leonardo was born, I will leave to thers to determine. In any case, the district is that in which Leonardo passed his childhood. A beautiful and fertile district it is indeed, situated half-way up the slope of Monte Albano. As far as the gaze reaches, the silver-gray olives spread their soft carpet over the hills, and between them the vines gleam forth when autumn is approaching and the grapes are taking on a blue tinge. Long, undulating contours bound the horizon as though the district had been modelled by some mighty artists hand, solemn and monumental yet without a trace of bleakness. Eound the thinly scattered houses stand orange and fig trees, bowed down with fruit, and corn  to be harvested in abundance. The air is pure and fresh up there even in late summer and the people are cheerful and straightforward. They lead a simple, strenuous life, in constant co-operation with the bounteous nature in the midst of which they live, but to this day there dwell in their memories strange legends which have doubtless fascinated many an imaginative boy. Such were the surroundings in which the little Leonardo grew up. The beauty of the soil and the light of the lofty skies were probably sources of greater delight to him than the human beings with whom he was thrown in contact. His stepmother died early and was succeeded by another who was even less capable of cherishing interest for the illegitimate child. He found little happiness at home, and, according to tradition, resorted for companionship to his grandfather, his nonno. In the course of the fathers third and fourth marriages the family circle (now removed to Florence) rapidly increased, making life at home almost unendurable to Leonardo. His step-brothers and sisters and even his father seem always to have regarded him as the illegitimate one, a kind of intruder, against whom they might freely vent their petty spite and bitterness. In fact, later on they did not even hesitate to bring an action against the famous artist for venturing to accept a small inheritance from his uncle. These impressions of childhood cannot fail to have influenced Leonardo s future development. His mind was more sensitive, more impressionable, than that of the majority, and he was destined from early years to experience more suffering than joy from contact with the outer world. He gradually learned to retire more and more within himself in order to escape being wounded and abused. The warm affection, the tender cherishing solicitude which may help a sensitive child-soul to unfold, did not fall to the lot of the little Leonardo. In the year 1469 we find the family settled in Florence, where Ser Piero had become procuratore to the monastery of SS. Annunziata and notary to the Florentine Signoria (the city magistracy). His reputation as a lawyer increased rapidly and his income kept pace with it. In course of time Ser Piero became one of the most fashionable lawyers of Florence. He gave his children the usual education, and Leonardo, with the others, was sent to the scuola  delPabbaco, the primary grammar school, where the instruction, intended as a preparation for the mercantile profession, consisted chiefly of a course in arithmetic, while the humanities and classical languages were almost neglected. Perhaps for this reason Leonardo appears never to have devoted himself with any great interest to the study of the ancient writers or their modern imitators ; on the contrary, he seems to have carried away a certain contempt for booklearning. Observation and experience were his real teachers, and it is almost with an undercurrent of satisfaction that he thenceforward styled himself uomo senza lettered Yet he was less the mere empiric than he supposed. The city in which the young Leonardos lot was now cast, and where he received his artistic training, was in many respects a contrast to the quiet, lonely region in which he had passed his childhood. Florence was already at that time a city of stone, with narrow winding streets where footsteps echo hard and sharp between the obtrusive palace walls, and where only the walls and the roofs afford shade. Life here was bound to assume something of the uncompromising hardness and angularity of the stones, especially when we reflect that in democratic Florence everyone was his own master, and that each man had to look to his own fist and sharp tongue to vindicate his rights. Leonardo da Vinci and Renaissance EssayBut Leonardo evidently did not approve of all that he saw and heard in the studio. Even in his later Milanese period, when writing down his precepts for painting, he takes his stand against certain theories enunciated by Botticelli, and in more than one instance he maintains an opinion in the face of the latter. There is reason to believe that the discussions which took place in the humble workshop in the Via dellAgnolo were often rather heated. At the age of twenty he became a member of the Compania di San Luca. His name occurs in the account book of this Society of Artists, the so-called Libro Eosso (in the National Library at Florence), for the year 1472, with an entry indicating that he had neglected to pay his members fee. The fact is worth noting, particularly as it shows that the pronounced religious character of the Society did not deter Leonardo from applying for membership. Leonardo plainly was not one of those who were influenced by the religious fanaticism which at that time was excited in so many sensitive minds by the passionate preacher of San Marco. Leonardo clear intellect, sane judgment, and habitual balance of mind preserved him from those violent plunges which occur in the lives of Botticelli, Fra Bartolommeo, and the young Michelangelo, not to speak of several minor artists who, for longer or shorter periods, were numbered among Savonarolas adherents. Leonardos independent attitude toward all kinds of pietistic and dogmatic religious zeal is illustrated by the following lines from the Treatise on Painting: On such as abuse those who draw on Holy days and examine the works of God. . . . Fools, deceiving themselves and others, are those who blame the painters for studying on Holy days such things as appertain to the true knowledge of nature. . . . These fault-finders should rather keep silence, for it is by such study that one learns to know the master-artificer of so many marvellous things; this is the way to learn to love the great Inventor. . . . Great love comes only from knowledge of things ; without knowledge true love is impossible. While Leonardo was working in Verrocchios studio, accusations of sodomy were levelled against him. There existed at this time in Florence an institution called Uffiziali di notte e dei monasteri, whose mission was to look after the morals of the community and of the religious societies in particular. As an aid in this purpose they had, among other devices, set up on the Palazzo della Signoria a  kind of letter-boxes called tamburini, in which anyone could drop anonymous accusations (tamburationi) without the slightest responsibility or obligation to bring forward evidence in support of theaccusation. On the 8th of April, 1476, Leonardos name occurs, together with those of some other artists, in one of these tamburationi. They were all accused of sodomy. However, upon trial they were acquitted on condition that they should appear at a fresh trial in case the accusation were renewed. This actually happened two months later, but the new hearing yielded quite as meagre result. There is thus no means of ascertaining whether any truth lay at the bottom of this anonymous indictment. The majority of critics leans to the belief that the accusation was simply an exhibition of envy and spite against Leonardo who was beginning to be a recognized force in the world of art. Vasaris statements that Leonardo in his youth devoted himself particularly to sculpture, and executed busts of smiling women s and boys heads have not yet been confirmed by historical investigation. Have all these busts been lost, or are they hiding behind anonymous works of the school of Verrocchio and Desiderio? The question might well repay more thorough special research than has hitherto been accorded to it. This subject will receive further comment in connection with the discussion of the work executed by Leonardo in Verrocchio s bottega. The project for making the Arno navigable from Florence to Pisa, which Vasari mentioned in the passage cited above, was put forward by Leonardo quite seriously, though not till his return to Florence in 1500. From early youth his interest was manifest in the construction of waterways and in the utilization of water-power for industrial purposes, and this side of his activity was perhaps appreciated more than any other by his own generation. In fact, Leonardos inventive powers and extraordinary mechanical skill seem to have been most instrumental in investing him with that halo of halfsupernatural ability which so dazzled his contemporaries.

THE POLITICAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE PHILIPPINES Essay Example For Students

THE POLITICAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE PHILIPPINES Essay The Political Environment of the PhilippinesHistorical Facts:The Philippines overcame many obstacles in history that reshaped the political environment of modern times. The Philippine islands have a strong Spanish influence. Records in history date back to 1521 where Ferdinand Magellan colonized the islands in the name of Charles I of Spain. The Spanish objectives focused Philippine society toward the spread of Christianity, colonization in the name of Spain, and acquiring key positions in the spice trade from Asia. Spanish settlers later realized that the P.I. did not have precious spices or gold minerals. Profits from the colonies were going to come from agricultural resources only. Agricultural resources such as corn and rice were mainly cultivated for profits although the colony depleted funds faster than they could generate funds. Spanish rule declined slowly beginning at 1762 due to British forces capturing Manila in the seven years war. Although Spanish rule presided in governmental issues, the decline did not escalate till 1898 when American influence began. The Treaty of Paris was enacted and Spain gave the U.S. all right to claim P.I. as a U.S. colony. We will write a custom essay on THE POLITICAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE PHILIPPINES specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Constitutional framework of the current governmentThe Treaty of Paris led to the Malolos constitution after 1898. This governments first constitution was modeled from France, Belgium and some South American republics. The Philippine bill of rights was also drafted from the same nations. It was not until 1935 under the terms of the Tydings-McDuffie Act, which created the Philippine Commonwealth. The Philippine constitution was shortly revised to model the United States version. Philippines also modeled the bill of rights from the Americans. In 1972 the people called for a democratic convention so that they could revise the constitution to fit the Filipino peoples needs, but the current president Ferdinand Marcos declared martial law of the land. Marcos rose to near dictatorial status in power. His status only lasted until Corizon Aquino defeated him. She started many new ideas such as, proclaiming democracy for the people. This was known as the peoples power party. She also initiated to draft the Freedom Constitution which would later be replaced by new legislature in the new constitution. This new constitution establishes three separate branches of the government called executive, legislative, and judicial departments. Independent commissions were also started: The commission on elections, the Commission on Audit, the Commission of Human Rights, and the Commission on Good Government. The current form of government is a democratic. The current head of state is President Fidel Ramos. His administration proclaims decentralization, deregulation, and development. Governmental stability of the PhilippinesThe government of the Philippines has adopted many governmental policies from the United States. The constitution framework was to some instances modeled word for word from the American constitution. The Philippine bill of rights granted citizens with individual rights of the nation mimicking the Americans. The period from 1972-1981 former Philippine president Fidel Marcos abolished the old constitution and declared martial law. Uncertainty in Philippine government arose when the U.S. democratic presidential system was abruptly changed to a parliamentary form of government. The president appoints himself head of state and the chief executive power by claiming the Prime ministers role as well as the president. This power escalated to near dictatorial power. It was not until 1986 and the downfall of Marcos when stability in government again presided. During 1987, the constitution was again ratified and bicameral legislation was enacted. This Freedom Constitution that now presides restored democracy and is abide by all citizens of the nation. The current administration of Fidel Ramos proposed changes to restructure Philippine society. Ramos proposed to decentralize, deregulate, and develop current Filipino social structure. Because of the restructuring proposals along with a strong democratic foundation the government is very stable. .u82b49edb639f62cc98fc0c805960f9df , .u82b49edb639f62cc98fc0c805960f9df .postImageUrl , .u82b49edb639f62cc98fc0c805960f9df .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u82b49edb639f62cc98fc0c805960f9df , .u82b49edb639f62cc98fc0c805960f9df:hover , .u82b49edb639f62cc98fc0c805960f9df:visited , .u82b49edb639f62cc98fc0c805960f9df:active { border:0!important; } .u82b49edb639f62cc98fc0c805960f9df .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u82b49edb639f62cc98fc0c805960f9df { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u82b49edb639f62cc98fc0c805960f9df:active , .u82b49edb639f62cc98fc0c805960f9df:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u82b49edb639f62cc98fc0c805960f9df .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u82b49edb639f62cc98fc0c805960f9df .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u82b49edb639f62cc98fc0c805960f9df .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u82b49edb639f62cc98fc0c805960f9df .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u82b49edb639f62cc98fc0c805960f9df:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u82b49edb639f62cc98fc0c805960f9df .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u82b49edb639f62cc98fc0c805960f9df .u82b49edb639f62cc98fc0c805960f9df-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u82b49edb639f62cc98fc0c805960f9df:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: How Can Artificial Intelligence Help Us EssayThe Role of GovernmentThe administration of government fully supports free enterprise and capitalism. Individuals and non-governmental entities are free to participate in development and management of business, sometimes with the aid of the Philippine government. The government aid assists private / public sector by exempting certain taxes along with raising the availability of loans to individuals for certain periods of time. The nominal taxation along with availability of loans makes it easy to start new businesses. These programs are mainly targeted to technological and agricultural industries. This provides immediate potenti al for economic development in the nation. The legal system of the PhilippinesSpanish and Anglo-American law heavily influences the judicial system of the Philippines. The legal system is predominantly ruled by civil law. The Spanish influenced many civil code procedures on family and personal property. The absence of jury trial was also attributed from Spain. The contributions from the United States were very important to the legal system. The contributions came from statues governing trade, commerce, labor relations, taxation, banking, currency, and government operations. These statutes created a sound foundation for democracy. The Supreme Court holds all judicial powers and establishes lower courts by law. The court system has four levels. These levels are:1.The Supreme Court2.The Intermediate Appellate Courts3.The Regional Municipal Courts4.The Local Municipal CourtsThe Supreme Court is the highest court with jurisdiction over all cases affecting government officials, constitutionality of the law, presidential decree, proclamation, order, or regulation. The Intermediate Appellate court is also known as the court of appeals. The I.A. court system has special Muslim courts for Muslim Filipinos. I.A. also has a court of tax appeals along with the Sandiganbayan. The Sandiganbayan is another special court that is equivalent to the court of appeals and under presidential decree. Sandiganbayan tries government officials and employees in violation to the Corrupt Practices Act and Anti Graft Act. The Regional court system has jurisdiction over criminal cases that is serious. The local level has three levels: the m etropolitan trial court, the municipal trial court, and municipal circuit court. Thesecourts hear less serious criminal cases concerning public and private issues of the communities.